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The Sprague-Grundy theory of games is a theory of certain classes of games called impartial games, developed by R. P. Sprague and P. M. Grundy. It was originally developed
for the game of nim.
It has been developed further by E. R. Berlekamp, John Horton Conway and
others, and these developments are presented in the books Winning Ways for your Mathematical Plays and On Numbers and Games.
The theory states that every position in an impartial game can be assigned a Grundy number which makes it equivalent
to a Nim heap of that size. The Grundy number of a position is also referred to as Nim-heap-number or nimber, for short.
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