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List of Roman Emperors

This is a list of Roman Emperors with the dates they controlled the Roman Empire.

(Note that, contrary to popular belief, Julius Caesar was never Emperor (princeps), although he was named dictator for life in 45 BC (but was not the first Roman to hold that title) and was regarded as such by Roman historians. On the other hand, the name Caesar became the family name of the first dynasty and was effectively treated as a title, a practice which continued throughout the Empire. Similarly, Suetonius wrote of The Twelve Caesars (including the Flavians) so some sense of continuity was evidently felt.)

For the worship of the Roman Emperor as a god, see imperial cult.

Table of contents

The Principate/Julio-Claudian dynasty

Year of the four emperors

Flavian dynasty

Nervan-Antonian dynasty

Severan dynasty

Rulers during the Crisis of the Third Century

Tetrarchy

House of Constantine

Valentinian dynasty

House of Theodosius

Western Empire

continuation: see list of Barbarian kings of Italy

Eastern Empire

continuation: see list of Byzantine Emperors


see also Gallic Empire; Roman usurper


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