Philosopher

A philosopher is a person devoted to studying and producing results in philosophy. The word, "philosopher", literally means "lover of wisdom".

Popular Western philosophers in (approximate) historical order

The Presocratics -- Socrates -- Plato -- Aristotle -- Epicurus -- Hellenistic Philosophy -- Cicero -- Augustine of Hippo -- Anselm -- Aquinas -- William of Ockham -- Francis Bacon -- Sir Thomas Browne--Thomas Hobbes -- René Descartes -- Nicolas Malebranche -- Baruch Spinoza -- Gottfried Leibniz -- Blaise Pascal -- John Locke -- George Berkeley -- David Hume -- Thomas Reid -- Dugald Stewart -- Jean Jacques Rousseau -- Montesquieu -- Voltaire -- Immanuel Kant -- Gottlieb Fichte -- Georg Hegel -- James Mill -- John Stuart Mill -- Karl Marx -- Arthur Schopenhauer -- Søren Kierkegaard -- Friedrich Nietzsche -- Gottlob Frege -- Rudolf Steiner -- Albert Schweizer -- Bertrand Russell -- Alfred North Whitehead -- Karl Popper -- -- G. E. Moore -- Ludwig Wittgenstein -- Rudolph Carnap -- Jean-Paul Sartre -- Albert Camus -- Georg Henrik von Wright -- Mortimer Adler -- W. V. O. Quine -- Nelson Goodman -- Imre Lakatos -- Ayn Rand -- Paul Feyerabend -- Mario Bunge -- Douglas Hofstadter -- Daniel Dennett -- Pierre Teilhard de Chardin -- Simon Blackburn-- Paul Ricoeur

Eastern philosophers in approximate historical order:

Gautama Buddha -- Confucius -- Lao Zi -- Avicenna -- Rhazes -- Mencius -- Zhuang Zi -- Xun Zi -- Bodhidharma -- Dogen -- Zhu Xi -- Feng Youlan

Philosophers: listed by philosophical school

See Philosophical Movements.

Nicknames of Medieval Philosophers

Several medieval philosophers have been given Latin nicknames by historians. For example:

• Francis Mayron - Doctor acutus, the acute doctor, or Doctor illuminatus
• St. Thomas Aquinas - Doctor Angelicus, the angelic doctor, or Doctor Communis
• William of Ockham - Doctor Invincibilis
• Alexander of Hales - Doctor Irrefragibilis
• Roger Bacon - Doctor Mirabilis, the wonderful doctor
• John Bassol - Doctor Ordinatissimus, the most methodical doctor
• St. Bonaventure - Doctor Seraphicus
• Henry Goethals (Hendricus Bonicollius) - Doctor Solemnis, the solemn doctor
• Richard Middleton - the solid doctor, or the profound doctor
• Duns Scotus - Doctor Subtilis, the discriminating doctor, or Doctor Marianus
• Albertus Magnus - Doctor Universalis
• Durandus de Sancto Portiano - the most resolute doctor
• Thomas Bradwardine - the profound doctor
• Jean Ruysbroeck (Joannes Ruysbrokius) - the divine doctor

See Also the articles at: Philosophy, Eastern philosophy, Epistemology, Ethics, Metaphysics, Aesthetics, Ontology, Logic, Reason, Mathematicians, Scientists, List of philosophers, and a fuller listing at Category:Philosophers.

The Philosopher is also the nickname of Joseph Haydn's Symphony No. 22.