|
A nucleotide is an organic molecule consisting of a nitrogenous
heterocyclic base (a purine or a pyrimidine), a pentose sugar (deoxyribose in DNA or ribose in RNA), and a phosphate or polyphosphate group.
A nucleoside is similar, except that it contains only the sugar and base,
without a phosphate. Nucleotide names are abbreviated by first indicating whether it is a ribonucleotide (r) or
deoxyribonucleotide (d), indicating the nitrogenous base included (G,A,T,C,U), the number of phosphates (Mono-, Di-, Tri-) and
the presence of a phosphate (P). For example, deoxy-cytosine-triphosphate is abbreviated as dCTP.
Nucleotides are the monomers of nucleic acids and also play important roles in cellular energy transport and transformations (notably ATP and NAD+/NADH) and in enzyme regulation (see for example, protein kinase).
Nucleotide Codes:
| Code |
Equivalence |
Complement |
| A |
A |
T |
| C |
C |
G |
| G |
G |
C |
| T or U |
T |
A |
| M |
A or C |
K |
| R |
A or G |
Y |
| W |
A or T |
W |
| S |
C or G |
S |
| Y |
C or T |
R |
| K |
G or T |
M |
| V |
A or C or G |
B |
| H |
A or C or T |
D |
| D |
A or G or T |
H |
| B |
C or G or T |
V |
| X or N |
A or C or G or T |
X |
This article is a stub. You can
help Wikipedia by expanding it .
|