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November 19 is the 323rd day of the year (324th in leap
years) in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 42 days
remaining.
Events
- 461 - St. Hilarius becomes
Pope.
- 1493 - Christopher
Columbus becomes the first European to go ashore on an island he only saw for the
first time the day before. He names it San Juan Bautista (later renamed Puerto
Rico).
- 1794 - The United States and
the Kingdom of Great Britain sign Jay's Treaty, which attempts to clear up some of the lingering problems left over
from the American Revolutionary War.
- 1863 - American Civil
War: Union President Abraham Lincoln delivers the Gettysburg
Address at the military cemetery dedication ceremony in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.
- 1916 - Samuel Goldfish (later renamed Samuel Goldwyn) and Edgar Selwyn establish Goldwyn Company (the company later became one of the most successful independent filmmakers).
- 1924 - In Los
Angeles, California, famous silent film director Thomas Ince ("The Father of the Western") dies of a heart attack in his bed (rumors soon surface that he was shot dead by publishing tycoon William Randolph Hearst).
- 1941 - World War II: The Royal Australian Navy cruiser HMAS Sydney and the German auxiliary cruiser Kormoran sink each other off the coast of Western Australia, with the loss of 645 Australians and about 77 German
seamen.
- 1942 - World War II: Battle of Stalingrad - Soviet Union forces under
General Georgy Zhukov launch the Operation Uranus counterattacks at Stalingrad, turning
the tide of the battle in the USSR's favor.
- 1944 - World War II: US President Franklin D. Roosevelt announces the 6th War Loan Drive, aimed at selling US$14 billion in war bonds to help pay for the war effort.
- 1946 - Afghanistan, Iceland and Sweden join the United Nations.
- 1959 - Ford Motor
Company announces the discontinuation of the unpopular Edsel.
- 1969 - Apollo program:
Apollo 12 astronauts Charles Conrad and Alan Bean land at Oceanus Procellarum ("Ocean of Storms") and become the third and
fourth humans to walk on the Moon.
- 1977 - Egyptian President Anwar Sadat becomes the first Arab leader to
officially visit Israel when he meets with Israeli prime minister Menachem Begin and speaks before the Knesset in Jerusalem, seeking a permanent peace settlement (much of
the Arab world was outraged by the visit).
- 1977 - Transportes Aereos
Portugueses Boeing 727 crashes in Madeira islands killing 130
- 1984 - A series of explosions at the PEMEX
petroleum storage facility at San Juan Ixhuatepec in Mexico City ignites a
major fire and kills about 500 people.
- 1985 - Cold War: In Geneva, US President Ronald Reagan and
Soviet Union leader Mikhail Gorbachev meet for the first time.
- 1985 - Pennzoil wins a US$10.53 billion verdict from Texaco in the largest
civil verdict in US history (Texaco established a signed contract to buy Getty Oil after Pennzoil entered into an unsigned, yet still binding, buyout contract with
Getty).
- 1997 - In Carlisle, Iowa,
Bobbi McCaughey gives birth
to septuplets in the second known case where all seven babies were born
alive.
- 1998 - Lewinsky scandal:
The United States House of
Representatives' Judiciary Committee begins impeachment hearings against
US President Bill Clinton.
- 1998 - Vincent van Gogh's
"Portrait of the Artist Without Beard" sells at auction for US$71.5 million.
- 1999 - In Istanbul, the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) ends a
two-day summit by calling for a political settlement in Chechnya and adopting a
Charter for European Security.
Births
- 1600 - King Charles I
of England (d. 1649)
- 1711 - Mikhail
Lomonosov, Russian writer and polymath (d. 1765)
- 1805 - Ferdinand de
Lesseps, French diplomat and Suez
Canal engineer (d. 1894)
- 1831 - James A.
Garfield, 20th President of the United
States (d. 1881)
- 1833 - Wilhelm Dilthey,
philosopher (d. 1911)
- 1843 - Richard Avenarius, German philosopher (d. 1896)
- 1862 - Billy Sunday, American evangelist (d. 1935)
- 1865 - Otto Eckmann, painter, interior designer (d. 1902)
- 1875 - Mikhail I.
Kalinin, Russian metal worker and head of state (d. 1946)
- 1883 - Daniel Nazarian,
actor (d. 1957)
- 1884 - José Raúl
Capablanca, Cuban chess player (d. 1942).
- 1899 - Allen Tate, poet and critic
(d. 1979)
- 1900 - Mikhail
Lavrentyev, Russian scientist (d. 1980)
- 1900 - Anna Seghers, writer
(d. 1983)
- 1905 - Tommy Dorsey, bandleader
(d. 1956)
- 1907 - Jack Schaefer, author (d. 1991)
- 1908 - Luke Short, actor (d. 1975)
- 1917 - Indira Gandhi, prime
minister of India (d. 1984)
- 1920 - Gene Tierney, actress (d.
1991)
- 1921 - Roy Campanella,
American baseball player (d. 1993)
- 1926 - Jeane
Kirkpatrick, former United States ambassador to the United Nations
- 1929 - Slavko Avsenik,
Slovene musician
- 1933 - Larry King, television interviewer
- 1935 - Bob Gibson, Baseball Hall of Famer
- 1935 - Rashad Khalifa, imam, stabbed to death (d. 1990)
- 1936 - Dick Cavett, talk show host
- 1938 - Ted Turner, American businessman
- 1939 - Tom Harkin, United States Senator
- 1941 - Dan Haggerty, actor
- 1942 - Calvin Klein, clothing
designer
- 1947 - Bob Boone, baseball player and manager
- 1951 - Lord Falconer, British lawyer and politician
- 1953 - Robert Beltran, actor
(Star Trek: Voyager)
- 1960 - Allison Janney,
actress
- 1961 - Meg Ryan, American actress
- 1962 - Jodie Foster, American actress
- 1963 - Terry Farrell, American actress (Star Trek: Deep Space Nine)
- 1966 - Gail Devers, American athlete
- 1966 - Jason Scott Lee, actor
- 1973 - Savion Glover,
choreographer, actor, dancer
Deaths
- 498 - Pope Anastasius
II
- 1665 - Nicolas Poussin,
French painter
- 1798 - Wolfe Tone, Irish patriot
- 1828 - Franz Schubert,
Austrian composer
- 1850 - Richard
Mentor Johnson, American politician
- 1924 - Thomas Ince, film
director
- 1967 - Charles Watters, US
Army chaplain
- 1974 - George Brunies,
jazz musician (b. 1902)
- 1976 - Sir Basil Spence, architect
- 1985 - Stepin Fetchit, actor,
dancer
- 2002 - Otto Maychrzak, handball player
Holidays and observances
November 18 - November 20
- October 19 - December 19
-- listing of all days
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