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John Earle (c. 1601 - November 17, 1665) was an English bishop.
He was born at York, but the exact date is unknown. He matriculated at Christ Church College, Oxford, but moved to
Merton, where he obtained a fellowship. In 1631 he was proctor and also chaplain to Philip Herbert, Earl of Pembroke,
then chancellor of the university, which gave him the rectory of Bishopston in Wiltshire. His fame spread, and in 1641 he was appointed chaplain and tutor
to the future Charles II of England. In 1643 he was elected one of the Assembly of Divines at Westminster, but his sympathies with the king
and with the Anglican Church were so strong that he declined to sit. Early in 1643 he was
chosen chancellor of Salisbury Cathedral, but he was soon
deprived of this position as a "malignant." After the final Royalist defeat at the Battle of Worcester, Earle went abroad, and was made clerk of the closet and chaplain to Charles II.
He spent a year at Antwerp in the house of Izaak Walton's friend, George Morley. He then joined the Duke of York (the future James II) in Paris, returning to England at the Restoration. He was appointed dean of Westminster,
and in 1661 was one of the commissioners for revising the liturgy. He was on friendly terms with Richard Baxter. In November 1662 he was consecrated Bishop of Worcester, and was translated, ten months later, to the see of Salisbury, where he conciliated the
nonconformists. He was strongly opposed to the Conventicle and Five Mile Acts. During the Great Plague,Earle attended the king and queen at Oxford, and there
he died.
Earle's chief title to remembrance is his witty and humorous work, Microcosmographie, or a Peece of the World
discovered, in Essayes and Characters, which throws light on the manners of the time. First published anonymously in
1628, it became very popular, and ran through ten editions in the lifetime of the author.
The style is quaint and epigrammatic; and the reader is frequently reminded of Thomas Fuller by such passages as this: "A university dunner is a gentlemen follower cheaply purchased, for
his own money has hyr'd him." Several reprints of the book have been issued since the author's death; and in 1671 a French translation by J Dymock appeared with the title of Le Vice ridicule. Earle was employed
by Charles II to make the Latin translation of the Eikon
Basilike, published in 1649. A similar translation of R Hooker's Ecclesiastical Polity was accidentally
destroyed.
"Dr Earle," says Edward Hyde,
1st Earl of Clarendon, in his Life, "was a man of great piety and devotion, a most eloquent and powerful preacher, and of a
conversation so pleasant and delightful, so very innocent, and so very facetious, that no man’s company was more desired
and loved. No man was more negligent in his dress and habit and mien, no man more wary and cultivated in his behaviour and
discourse. He was very dear to the Lord Falkland, with whom he spent as much time as he could make his own."
See especially Philip Bliss's edition of the Microcosmographie (London, 1811), and E Arber's Reprint (London,
1868).
This entry was originally from the 1911
Encyclopedia Britannica.
John Earle was also a Premier of Tasmania.
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