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Jean-Baptiste Biot (April 21, 1774, Paris-February 3,
1862, Paris) was a French physicist and mathematician who in the early 1800s studied the relationship between
electrical current and magnetism (see Biot-Savart's Law), as
well as the polarisation of light passing through chemical solutions.
He was the first person to discover the unique optical properties of mica, and therefore
the mica-based mineral biotite was named after him.
In 1804 he made a hot-air
balloon ascent with Joseph Gay-Lussac to a height of five
kilometres in an early investigation of the Earth's
atmosphere.
See also: Early flying machines
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