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King Erichthonius (also called Erechtheus I) was, according to some legends, autochthonous (born of the soil), and in other accounts he was the son of Hephaestus and Gaia or Athena or Atthis. According to Apollodorus, Hephaestus attempted to rape Athena but was unsuccesful. His semen fell on the ground,
impregnating Gaia. Gaia didn't want the infant Erichthonius, so she gave the baby to Athena. Athena gave three sisters, Herse, Pandrosus and Aglaulus a small box and warned them to never open it. Aglaulus and Herse opened the box which contained the
infant and future-king, Erichthonius ("troubles born from the earth"). The sight caused Herse and Aglaulus to go insane and they
threw themselves off the Acropolis. Alternatively, Athena
raised Erichthonius herself.
An alternative version of the same story is that, while Athena was gone bring a mountain from Pallene to use in the Acropolis, the sisters, minus
Pandrosus again, opened the box. A crow witnessed the opening and flew away to tell Athena, who fell into a rage and dropped the
mountain (now Mt. Lykabettos). Once again, Herse and Aglaulus went
insane and threw themselves to their deaths off a cliff.
Erichthonius later became King of Athens and implemented many
beneficial changes to Athenian culture. During this time, Athena frequently protected him. He founded the Panathenaic Festival in the honor of Athena. He taught his people to yoke
horses and use them to pull chariots, smelt silver and till the earth with a plough.
He was succeeded by his son Pandion I.
Erichthonius was killed by either Poseidon or Zeus as revenge for killing Himmarados of Thrace during a war between Eleusis and Athens.
He was sometimes said to be a snake with a human head. The snake was his symbol.
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