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In control theory, a controller is a device that
attempts to control states or outputs of a dynamic system. Generally, this is
accomplished using feedback to reject disturbances to the system. This is called
closed-loop control. Open-loop control is also used for systems that are sufficiently well characterized to predict what inputs are necessary to achieve the desired states or outputs. E.g. the velocity of a motor may be well characterized for the voltage fed
into it, in which case feedback may not be necessary.
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