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The English suffix
-ism was first used to form a noun of action from a verb, as in
baptism, from baptein, a Greek word meaning "to dip",
and then extended to systems of belief.
The word ism was first used in 1680 and can be found in the works of such
well-known writers as Thomas Carlyle, Julian Huxley and George Bernard
Shaw. In the present day, it appears in the title of a standard survey of political thought, Today's ISMS by William
Ebenstein, first published in the 1950s, and now in its 11th edition.
The -ism suffix can be used to express the following concepts:
- doctrine, theory or religion (e.g. pacifism)
- theory developed by an individual (e.g. Marxism)
- political movement (e.g. feminism)
- action, process or practice (e.g. terrorism)
- characteristic, quality or origin (e.g. heroism)
- state or condition (e.g. pauperism)
- excess or disease (e.g. botulism)
- prejudice or bias (e.g. racism)
- characteristic speech patterns (e.g. Yogiism)
What follows is a list of words that have the -ism suffix. This list should not include words like prism and schism which end in -ism but have no etymological
connection with -ism words.
A
ableism, abolitionism,
absenteeism, absolutism, abstract expressionism, absurdism, activism, adoptionism, adultism, Afrocentrism, ageism, agnosticism, agrarianism, alarmism, Albigensianism, albinism, alcoholism, all-Americanism, Althusserianism, altruism, Americanism, anarchism, anarcho-capitalism, anarcho-syndicalism, aneurysm or aneurism, Anglicanism, Anglicism, animalism, animal magnetism, animism, anthropocentrism,
anthropomorphism, anti-Americanism, anti-abolitionism, anticlericalism, antidisestablishmentarianism, anti-imperialism, anti-intellectualism, antinomianism, anti-Semitism, anti-Zionism, Apollinarism, archaism, Arianism, Aristotelianism, atavism, atheism, Atlanticism, atomism, Atticism, attitudinism, Augustinism, Australianism, authoritarianism, autism
B
Ba'athism, Babaism,Bábísm Bagism, Bahá'ísm, baalism, baptism, behaviorism, Benthamism, Big Brotherism, bilateralism, bilingualism,
bimetallism, bjjism, Blairism, bogyism, Bolshevism, Bonapartism, bonism,
boosterism, bossism, botulism, breatharianism, bromism, brutalism, brutism, bruxism, Buchmanism,
Buddhism, Bukharinism, Bullism, Bushism
C
Caesaropapism, cambism, Calvinism, Caodaism, capitalism, careerism, Carlism, Cartesian dualism, Cartesianism, Castroism, Catharism Catholicism, centrism, charlatanism, Chartism, Chassidism, chauvinism, checkbook journalism,
chemism, classicism, clintonism, clericalism, Clitorism, clonism, cognitivism, coherentism, collectivism, colonialism, communism, Comtism, conformism, conformitarianism, Confucianism, consequentialism, conservatism, Conservative Judaism,
contextualism, contrarianism, constructivism, consumerism, corealism, Coreanism, corporatism, cosmism,
cosmopolitanism, cosmotheism, creationism, criticism, cronyism, cubism, cultism, cultural relativism, cynicism, czarism
D
Dadaism, Daoism, Darwinism, deconstructivism, decontextualism, defeatism, deism, deontologism, despotism, determinism, deviatonism, Discordianism, disestablismentarianism, Docetism, dodoism, dogmatism, Donatism, do-goodism, do-nothingism, druidism, dualism, dwarfism, dynamism
E
echoism, Edwardianism, effeminism, egocentrism, egoism, electromagnetism, elitism, embolism, empiricism, environmentalism, environmental racism,
epicureanism, Episcopalianism, erotism, essentialism, etatism, ethnic nationalism, ethnocentrism, Eudemonism, Eurocentrism,
Eurocommunism, evolutionism, existentialism, exotism, expansionism, expressionism, extremism, extrinsicism, extropism
F
fabianism, faddism, Falangism,
fanaticism, fascism, fatalism, Fauvism, feminism, Fenianism, fetishism, feudalism, fideism, finitism, fogyism, Food faddism, foot-fetishism, Fordism, formalism, foundationalism, Francoism, freeganism, functionalism (philosophy of mind), functionalism (sociology), fundamentalism
G
Gallicism, Gaullism, gay liberationism, geocentrism, Geoism, Georgianism, Georgism, Germanism, gigantism, globalism, Goreism, Gnosticism, gradualism, Grundyism
H
Hacktivism, Hassidism, hedonism, Hegelianism, heightism, heliocentrism, Hellenism, henotheism, heroism,
heterosexism, heterosexualism, Hinduism, hirsutism, historicism, Hitlerism, Hobbesianism, hoboism,
homoousianism, homosexualism, Horthyism, hucksterism, humanism, Hussitism, hypnotism
I
idealism, idolism, imagism, imperialism, impressionism, individualism, instructivism, intellectualism, internationalism, interventionism, intrinsicism, irenicism, irredentism
J
Jacobinism, Jacobitism,
Jainism, Jansenism, Japonism, jingoism, journalism, Judaism, jujuism, juridical positivism
K
kathenotheism, Keynesianism, Khrushchevism without Khrushchev, Know-Nothingism
L
laborism, laicism, lamaism, Lamarckianism, Lancastrianism, leftism, left-liberalism, legalism, legal positivism, Leninism, lesbianism, liberalism, libertarianism, localism, locoism, logical positivism, Lollardism, Lutheranism, lycanthropism
M
magnetism, malapropism,
Maoism, Marxism, Marxism-Leninism, masculism, Masochism, materialism, maximalism, McCarthyism, mechanism, Medism, melanism, Menshevism, mesmerism, metabolism, Methodism, militarism, millennialism, minarchism,
minimalism, Mithraism, modalism, Mohammedanism, Monarchianism, monarchism,
monetarism, Mongolism, monism, monolatrism, Monophysitism, monotheism,
moral absolutism, moralism, moral positivism, moral relativism, Mormonism, multiculturalism, multilateralism, mysticism
N
narcism, nationalism, National Socialism,
nativism, naturalism, Nazism, negativism, neo-classicism, neoconservatism, neo-Darwinism, neopaganism, neoplatonism, nepotism, Nestorianism, nihilism, nomianism, non-consequentialism,
non-interventionism, nonsituationism, nudism, nullificationism
O
obelism, objectivism, ogreism, onanism, ontologism, optimism, oralism, Orangism, organism, orientalism
P
Pabloism, pacifism, paganism, paleoconservatism, pan-Africanism, pan-Arabism, panentheism, pantheism, pan-Germanism, pan-Slavism, pantheism, papism, patriotism, Patripassianism, Pelagianism, Pentecostalism, peonism, perennialism, Peronism, personalism, pessimism, phallocentrism, pharaonism, phenomenalism, philhellenism, pianism,
pietism, Pilgerism, plagiarism, playganism, platonism, plenism,
pointillism, political absolutism, polycentrism, polytheism, populism, positivism, postcolonialism, post-Freudianism, postimpressionism,
post-Keynesianism,
postmodernism, poststructuralism, post-Zionism, pragmatism, Presbyterianism, priapism, primitivism, progressivism, Protestantism, proto-capitalism, Psilanthropism, Puseyism
Q
Quakerism, Quietism
R
racism, radicalism, Raelism, raptivism, Rastafarianism, rationalism, reactionarism, Reaganism, realism, recidivism,
redneckism, reductionism, relativism,
reliabilism, republicanism, Republicanism, revanchism, revisionism, rheumatism, rightism, Roman Catholicism, romanticism, Rosicrucianism, Rousseauism, rugged individualism
S
Sabbatarianism, Sabellianism, sadism, sado-masochism, Saint-simonism, Salvationism, sanism, Sapphism, Satanism, Schachtmanism, Scientism, Scotticism, sectarianism, sectionalism, secularism, sedevacantism, sensualism, sesquipedalianism , sexism,
Shiism, Shintoism, Sikhism, Situationism, sizism, skepticism, slumism,
social Darwinism, social realism, socialism, socialist realism, Socianism, solecism, sophism, Sparticism, speciesism, Spenglerism, spiritism, spiritualism, Spoonerism, Stalinism, standpatism, stasism,
statism, stoicism, structuralism, Sufism, surrealism, syndicalism, syncretism
T
tachism, Taoism, Taylorism, terrorism, Thatcherism, theism, Thomism, Titoism, Toryism, tourism, totalitarianism, transcendentalism,
transgenderism, transhumanism, transsexualism, transsubstantiationism, transvestism, tribalism, Trinitarianism,
tropism, tsarism, Trotskyism, tzarism
U
Ultraintuitionism, Ultraleftism, Ultramontanism, Unificationism, unilateralism, Unitarianism, Universalism,
Universism, uranism, utilitarianism, utopianism
V
vampirism, vandalism, veganism, vegetarianism, Victorianism, voyeurism, vulgarism
W
Wahhabism, Whiggism, Whitlamism, wholism,
witticism
X
Y
yellow journalism, Yezidis, Yorkism
Z
Zionism, Zoroastrianism,
Zwingliism
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